Posts Tagged ‘propaganda’

“Fabricated Authority”

January 21, 2026
Ricardo F. Morín
Irrationality, Propaganda, and Tribalism
CGI
2026

Ricardo  F.  Morín

January21, 2026

Oakland Park, Fl. 

1. A political claim ordinarily enters public life through institutions.  A law is debated, enacted, interpreted, contested.  A speech is delivered from a known office, before a defined audience, subject to reply and record.  Authority, in these cases, arises from responsibility and constraint.  

 

2. The text examined here satisfies none of these conditions.  

 

3. The text attributes to an unnamed broadcast the power to alter legal status.  The text presents a speaker not as a citizen who speaks, but as a conscience that pronounces.  The text declares effects that no statute, no executive order, and no court possesses the authority to produce.  The text announces national assent in the absence of any forum capable of granting assent.  

 

4. No enactment appears.  No interpretation occurs.  No review is possible.  

 

5. Nothing in this sequence is argued.  Nothing in this sequence is demonstrated.  Nothing in this sequence is capable of verification.  

 

6. Authority is not derived from office, law, or responsibility.  Authority is assigned by narrative arrangement.  

 

7. The speaker is granted moral standing by recognition alone.  The law is displaced by spectacle.  The audience is positioned as witness to a verdict that precedes deliberation.  Silence is treated as confirmation.  Stillness is treated as consent.  

 

8. What appears as denunciation functions as substitution.  

 

9. The place of institutions is occupied by a voice.  The place of argument is occupied by proclamation.  The place of judgment is occupied by reaction.  

 

10. The result is not persuasion.  The result is conversion.  

 

11. Citizens are not addressed as agents capable of contesting claims.  Citizens are addressed as spectators invited to receive a moral scene whose meaning has been fixed in advance.  

 

12. When invented testimony is received as political record, the boundary between event and wish disappears.  When spectacle is treated as verdict, correction loses authority.  When conscience is produced as performance, no institution remains capable of constraining conscience.  

 

13. This is not misinformation in the ordinary sense.  

 

14. This phenomenon is the replacement of judgment by fabricated authority.  

 

15. Authority ordinarily attaches to an office before authority attaches to a voice, because office supplies the limits under which speech can claim consequence.  A court exists, so a judge speaks.  A chamber exists, so a legislator speaks.  An administration exists, so an executive speaks.  In each case standing precedes utterance, and the public can locate responsibility by locating the forum in which the claim is made.  

 

16. The text examined here reverses that order.  The text presents a voice whose standing is not grounded in any office that can be named, any jurisdiction that can be defined, or any forum that can be recognized.  No delegation is stated.  No mandate is visible.  No responsibility is assumed.  Yet the voice speaks as if entitled to pronounce on matters whose force depends, in ordinary civic life, on enactment, interpretation, and review.  

 

17. This reversal matters because office establishes the scope under which a claim may operate, jurisdiction fixes the reach of effects, and procedure subjects both scope and reach to contest and record.  A claim that arises through these constraints can be challenged because standing can be challenged.  The claim here does not arise through constraint;  the claim arises through reception.  Standing depends on recognition rather than jurisdiction, and recognition is not a civic category that admits examination.  

 

18. One can dispute a mandate.  One can deny a court’s jurisdiction.  One can invoke procedure and require reply.  Recognition offers no equivalent instrument.  Recognition confers authority without specifying scope, and recognition allows a voice to present itself as conscience without accepting the obligations that make conscience accountable in public life.  

 

19. The effect is not merely that a voice speaks outside office.  The effect is that the role of office is replaced.  In a system where standing precedes speech, speech can be limited because the forum can be limited.  In a system where standing follows speech, speech expands until something external imposes a boundary.  

 

20. The text relies on no such boundary.  The text presents moral standing as complete at the moment of utterance, and the text treats reception as confirmation.  The audience is positioned less as a public capable of contest than as a witness to a pronouncement whose authority is presumed rather than earned.  

 

21. In that arrangement the claim to speak carries consequence without jurisdiction, and authority appears where no institution can be identified as a source of authority.  

 

22. Authority that does not arise from office cannot rely on procedure.  Procedure requires forum.  Forum requires jurisdiction.  Jurisdiction requires mandate.  None is present here.  

 

23. The claim therefore does not proceed by sequence.  The claim proceeds without premises, without grounds, and without anticipation of reply.  The statement does not argue.  The statement announces.  

 

24. What would ordinarily require enactment is declared complete.  What would ordinarily require interpretation is pronounced settled.  What would ordinarily require review is presented as final.  Verdict precedes forum.  

 

25. This reversal alters the function of speech itself.  Speech no longer seeks assent through reasoning.  Speech produces assent by declaration.  Judgment no longer follows deliberation.  Judgment is installed before deliberation can occur.  

 

26. Once proclamation is received as verdict, proof becomes irrelevant.  

 

27. Once argument is removed from the sequence, assent no longer arises from judgment.  Assent arises from recognition.  The claim does not ask to be examined.  The claim asks to be received.  The force of the claim depends less on what the claim establishes than on whom the claim addresses.  

 

28. The audience is not invited to consider whether the verdict follows from law, or whether the authority invoked possesses standing to pronounce.  The audience is invited to recognize the audience in the verdict.  

 

29. This shift alters the function of agreement.  In deliberative settings, assent follows contest.  One accepts a conclusion because one has weighed a claim against alternatives.  Here, assent precedes any such weighing.  The verdict arrives already formed, and reception supplies confirmation.  

 

30. Agreement no longer signals conviction, but affiliation, a posture defined less by conviction than by position.  

 

31. Recognition, in this arrangement, performs the work that argument once performed.  To accept the claim is to affirm membership in a moral position already defined.  The verdict does not bind because the verdict is correct.  The verdict binds because the verdict identifies.  

 

32. Those who receive the verdict do not do so as judges of coherence, but as participants in the posture the verdict confers.  The claim succeeds not by persuading opponents, but by consolidating those already disposed to accept the claim.  

 

33. This function explains the absence of procedure.  Deliberation would introduce fracture.  Contest would introduce differentiation.  Review would expose divergence.  None serves the purpose at hand.  

 

34. The claim therefore bypasses every stage at which disagreement could appear.  The claim offers instead a completed judgment whose primary effect is to sort recognition from refusal.  

 

35. The result is not belief in the ordinary sense, but affiliation, a posture defined less by conviction than by position.  To assent is to take position within a moral alignment whose boundaries are drawn by reception itself.  Those who accept are confirmed.  Those who hesitate are marked.  

 

36. Authority, in this form, does not govern through law.  Authority governs through identification.  

 

37. Once standing is conferred by reception, the remaining limits cannot hold.  

 

38. Once authority is produced in this manner, substitution becomes unavoidable.  In this arrangement office yields to presence, jurisdiction yields to recognition, procedure yields to proclamation, and judgment yields to reaction, until no limit remains capable of arresting the expansion that follows.  

 

39. Each replacement removes a limit.  Each replacement widens scope.  Each replacement dissolves responsibility.  

 

40. What remains is a form of authority that cannot be contested because no forum remains in which contest can occur.  

 

41. The consequence for citizenship follows directly.  A citizen ordinarily participates in judgment by weighing claims, contesting standing, and invoking procedure.  Here, that role disappears.  The citizen is no longer positioned as a participant in deliberation.  The citizen is positioned as a recipient of verdict.  

 

42. Agency yields to reception, judgment yields to alignment, and responsibility yields to loyalty, until disagreement itself can no longer appear as a civic act.  

 

43. In this posture disagreement ceases to be a civic act.  Disagreement becomes a breach of affiliation.  Hesitation becomes disloyalty.  Correction becomes defection.  

 

44. Once judgment is displaced in this way, repair becomes impossible.  Correction presupposes a forum.  Review presupposes jurisdiction.  Reply presupposes standing.  None remains available.  

 

45. A verdict that arrives without forum cannot be recalled to contest.  An authority that arises without office cannot be subjected to review.  A claim that governs through recognition alone cannot be corrected without threatening membership itself.  

 

46. The persistence of fabrication follows not from confusion, but from function.  Fabrication endures because fabrication stabilizes alignment.  Fabrication circulates because fabrication confirms position.  Fabrication resists correction because correction would dissolve the posture fabrication sustains.  

 

47. Authority, once detached from office and constraint, does not disappear.  Authority reappears in altered form.  Verdict is separated from forum.  Conscience is separated from responsibility.  Assent is separated from deliberation.  

 

48. What remains is a claim to govern without jurisdiction.  

 

49. This is not the corruption of judgment.  This is displacement.  

 

50. Judgment is no longer exercised.  Judgment is produced.

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“The Industry of Suspicion: Propaganda and Manipulation of the Digital Era in Latin America”

October 15, 2025

By Ricardo F. Morín

Oct. 14, 2025

In the post-truth landscape of Latin American media, where outrage has become currency, few figures illustrate the fusion of ideology and marketing as clearly as Inna Afinogenova.    She has become the most recognizable voice of authoritarian suspicion in the Spanish-speaking sphere.    From platforms such as Canal Red Latinoamérica, her discourse forms part of a vast network of disinformation spreading across the region, cloaked in the rhetoric of critical thinking and popular emancipation.    These networks—spanning Moscow, Tehran, Beijing, and several Latin American governments—follow a single script: to dismantle trust in liberal democracy, to weaken institutions, and to turn permanent doubt into a substitute for conscience.    In the name of informational sovereignty, they replace debate with discredit, analysis with suspicion, and truth with narrative.    Their power lies not in blatant falsehoods but in the emotional manipulation that transforms confusion into conviction.    Within this context, Afinogenova stands not as an isolated commentator but as the emblem of a sophisticated propaganda apparatus—one that disguises obedience to twenty-first-century autocracies beneath the costume of dissent.

Inna Afinogenova, born in Dagestan in 1989, is a Russian journalist who worked as deputy director of RT en Español until May 2022.    She resigned citing her disagreement with the war in Ukraine and the imposition of a state-sanctioned narrative of aggression.    Since then, she has collaborated with geopolitical and Latin American media such as La Base, produced by the Spanish newspaper Público, and participates in Canal Red, an audiovisual project led by Pablo Iglesias (former vice-president of Spain and founder of the left-wing party Podemos, now active in political media).    There she directs and hosts programs like CaféInna and contributes to political analysis, particularly on Latin America.    Her audience is broad and her reach on digital platforms considerable, which makes her an influential figure in the political and informational debates of the Spanish-speaking world.

Her trajectory, however, has not escaped controversy.    During her tenure at RT en Español, she was one of the network’s most visible faces in Latin America, amplifying narratives that portrayed Western powers as inherently deceitful and predatory.    An opinion column in The Washington Post described her as “the Spanish voice of Russian propaganda,” citing her recurring defense of positions favorable to the Kremlin.    In December 2021, two months before the invasion of Ukraine, she used her program Ahí les va to mock Western intelligence warnings of an imminent attack and predicted that “January will come, then February, and still no invasion,” implying that the media hysteria served the interests of NATO.    Such episodes, though later overtaken by events, exemplify her rhetorical method:    to transform skepticism into disbelief and disbelief into persuasion.

Following her departure from RT, Afinogenova has continued to operate in media circles ideologically aligned with the Latin American left, reinforcing a discourse that equates the Western press with manipulation and imperialism.    Outlets such as Expediente Público have noted her role in shaping narratives within partisan campaigns, often echoing state-sponsored or geopolitically motivated lines from Russia, China, or Iran.    Through Canal Red and Diario Red, both associated with Pablo Iglesias, she participates in content ecosystems that frequently recycle material from international broadcasters like CGTN.    In countries such as Honduras, she has been accused of contributing to media strategies that favor left-wing candidates under the guise of “sovereign communication.”   While the evidence does not show a direct chain of command linking her to a specific regime, the pattern of thematic consistency reveals a coherent ideological alignment rather than independent journalism.

This alignment has provoked renewed debate since the release of her recent video, “¿Premio Nobel de la Paz… o de la Guerra?”, where she presents the Nobel Peace Prize awarded to María Corina Machado as a maneuver of geopolitical design rather than a moral recognition.    The video does not examine facts so much as it interprets intentions, suggesting that the award serves Western influence instead of honoring civic courage.   The argument, though rhetorically effective, confuses correlation with causality.    It is possible to acknowledge the imperfections of international institutions without denying the ethical weight of public bravery.   The Nobel Prize, like every human institution, reflects judgments; but in this case, it distinguishes a life of civic risk undertaken without weapons, privileges, or access to the coercive power of the State.

Questioning motives is legitimate; insinuating conspiracies without evidence is not.   Every critical voice bears responsibility, for truth demands proportion, not projection.   The struggle of María Corina Machado cannot be reduced to the rhetoric of “Western intervention” or dismissed as “fabricated dissent.”   It belongs to the conscience of a people seeking self-determination through legitimate means after decades of dispossession.    Respecting pluralism requires granting others the same intellectual good faith one demands for oneself.   Debate ennobles democracy only when grounded in verifiable facts and moral clarity, not when suspicion itself becomes the argument.    Between necessary skepticism and systematic suspicion lies a moral frontier:    crossing it is to pass from thinking freely to serving without knowing it.

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“The New Face of Old Tyranny: …

August 1, 2025

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… The Persistence of Francoist Nostalgia and the Discomfort Beneath It”

Ricardo Morin
Half Republican, Half Falangist
CGI
2005

By Ricardo Morin

August 1, 2025

One cannot assess the Spanish political climate without acknowledging the rise of VOX, a far-right party founded in 2013 by former members of the conservative Partido Popular. Since 2018, VOX has gained traction by opposing regional autonomy, feminist legislation, and immigration, while defending a nationalist agenda that includes the revision—or outright rejection—of Spain’s historical reckoning with Francoism.

It is the symptom of a deeper democratic disillusionment. What resurfaces is not spontaneous historical memory, but a political and cultural framework that reasserts itself when the social agreements binding the present begin to fray. VOX’s references to the Franco regime are rarely doctrinaire or explicit, but they are unmistakable in the party’s rejection of the Democratic Memory Law, its exaltation of national unity as a sacred and untouchable principle, its condemnation of the autonomous state model, and its appeal to a so-called “natural order” that treats hierarchy, the traditional family, and social inequality as if they were objective facts of history.

What is most concerning is not that voices like these exist—they always have—but that they have regained institutional power and cultural legitimacy. Dissatisfaction with the political system, fatigue with ineffective parliamentary politics, and a growing sense of identity displacement feed into a shared national unease. This unease can be felt across a wide spectrum: small business owners who perceive the state as hostile, or young people who find no meaning in a hollow, bureaucratized political language. The grievances vary, but the far right offers a single channel: the emotional simplification of conflict—transforming fear into obedience, and uncertainty into wounded pride.

Within this framework, VOX presents itself as the only political actor with a unified narrative. Its strength does not lie in public policy, but in assertion. It offers no coherent platform of governance, but instead proposes a reactive, exclusionary identity. And here the progressive response often falters. While the institutional left—represented by the PSOE and remnants of Unidas Podemos—relies on rhetorical frames worn down by official discourse, segments of the academic and cultural intelligentsia (particularly university-affiliated think tanks and subsidized editorial circuits) have retreated into a ritualized defense of democracy, without reassessing its principles or renewing the language through which it is explained. Repeating just causes through exhausted formulas turns even the noblest ideas into noise.

Worse still, in the name of pluralism—or out of fear of being labeled sectarian—certain cultural institutions (El País, publishing houses like Taurus, or high-profile forums such as the Círculo de Bellas Artes) have offered platforms to reactionary voices under the pretext of open debate. In doing so, they have helped normalize a discourse that steadily unravels the ethical agreements underpinning democratic life. What is framed as tolerance may, in fact, be a form of structural surrender.

Spain’s history is burdened with wounds that were never fully closed. The political pacts of the Transition, born of necessity, opted for shared silence as the price of institutional stability. That silence allowed for peace, but left the past unresolved. Today, as new efforts—like the Democratic Memory Law—begin to reshape that narrative, fear returns: fear that to acknowledge historical violence might destabilize the present. VOX exploits this fear not with policy, but with symbolic refuge—offering a home to a version of Spain that feels lost.

The responsibility of the intellectual class is not to reassert inherited certainties or rehearse moral slogans. It is to sustain complexity: to resist the lure of simplification, to acknowledge the fatigue of progressive frameworks without falling into cynicism, and to offer new ways of thinking that preserve both rigor and empathy. Because while reactionary discourse gains ground through simplification, critical thought must hold its ground in nuance—even if nuance isn’t viral, even if it doesn’t win applause.

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Annotated Bibliography

Preston, Paul: The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain. New York: W.W. Norton, 2012. (A comprehensive history of political and ideological violence during and after the Spanish Civil War, this work provides essential background for understanding the roots and continued appeal of Francoist narratives in Spain.)

Snyder, Timothy: On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century. New York: Tim Duggan Books, 2017. (This compact, cautionary text distills key lessons from the collapse of democracies in 20th-century Europe and offers reflections that resonate strongly with contemporary authoritarian rhetoric.)

Stanley, Jason: How Fascism Works: The Politics of Us and Them. New York: Random House, 2018. (An incisive study of fascist techniques and psychological mechanisms, this book helps explain how divisive identity politics and historical denial function in modern ultranationalist movements.)

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“Censorship, Caligula, and the Return of Imperial Propaganda”

July 31, 2025

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Ricardo Morin
A Flag in Distress
CGI
2025

By Ricardo Morin

July 31, 2025

The recent public defense of media censorship by the current Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission—an appointee from the Trump era—marks a chilling development in the ongoing campaign to recast American institutions in the image of authoritarian grievance. Justified under the pretext of combating “invidious ideology” associated with Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI), the move signals a deeper ideological purge aimed not at restoring neutrality but at eliminating pluralism itself.

This defense of censorship, framed as a protection against ideological bias, in fact constitutes a stark betrayal of the First Amendment’s foundational commitments. Far from curbing excess, it institutionalizes a selective silencing of voices that challenge the dominant ethno-nationalist narrative increasingly embraced by Trump-aligned cultural warriors. It is not DEI that poses a threat to democratic cohesion, but rather the repressive apparatus now being assembled to discredit and dismantle it.

What is emerging is not policy, but performance—a spectacle of control designed to communicate power rather than to govern justly. In this, the parallels to the reign of Caligula are not accidental. The Roman emperor’s descent into theatrical cruelty and capricious edicts was not merely a symptom of madness but a deliberate assertion of dominance over law, decorum, and truth itself. Under Caligula, the empire was transformed into a stage upon which reality bent to the will of a singular, vindictive ego. Trumpism, in its media strategy and institutional manipulation, follows a similar logic: one that privileges loyalty over legitimacy, and spectacle over substance.

The FCC’s shift from regulatory independence to ideological enforcement exemplifies this logic. Rather than acting as a steward of public trust, the Commission is being repurposed as a gatekeeper of permissible narratives—an arbiter of who may speak and who must be silenced. The language of “protecting viewers” from divisive content serves as a smokescreen for restricting narratives that confront historical injustice, racial inequality, or structural exclusion.

If allowed to continue, such measures risk hollowing out the very idea of a democratic media ecosystem. In its place would emerge a curated domain of sanctioned speech, curated not for truth or civic health, but for the comfort of those in power. The result would not be national unity, but enforced conformity masquerading as patriotism.

This is not a return to law and order; it is a return to imperial whim. The question now is whether American institutions will continue to serve as instruments of democratic accountability, or whether they will become, like the Senate under Caligula, ornamental backdrops to a regime that no longer pretends to tolerate dissent.

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